In this letter, we detail the growth of epitaxial Pt thin films and Pt/FM heterostructures with (200), (220), and (111) crystalline orientations. Likewise, crystallographic-dependent SOT could present in epitaxial HMs when spin current is generated in different crystalline orientations. Particularly, the facet orientation–dependent SOT in epitaxial antiferromagnetic IrMn 3 is contributed by orientation-dependent intrinsic SHE. Fruitful research highlights crystalline-dependent anisotropic properties, for example, crystalline orientation–dependent spin relaxation mechanism in Pt (111) and enhanced SHE in epitaxial metal ], magnetic alloys ], and topological insulators, Bi 2Se 3 ]. More recently, epitaxial materials with tunable crystalline anisotropy and well-defined orientations have been recognized as promising candidates for SOT studies. Conventional SOT studies mainly focus on textured HMs such as Pt, Au, β-W, and β-Ta, and transition metal alloys, for example, Cu-Ta and Fe-Pt. By engineering the bulk spin Hall effect (SHE) in HMs and interfacial Rashba–Edelstein effect (REE), enhanced SOT values can be achieved that have the potential for developing novel energy-efficient magnetic memory, logic, and neuromorphic computing devices. Over the past decade, significant research efforts have been devoted to investigating magnetization manipulation in the heavy metal (HM)/ferromagnetic material (FM) heterostructure via spin–orbit torque (SOT). Our work contributes to the development of energy-efficient spintronic devices by engineering the crystalline anisotropy of non-magnetic metals. Temperature-dependent harmonic measurements on epitaxial Pt/Co/Ni heterostructures compared to a polycrystalline Pt/Co/Ni suggest the extrinsic mechanism underlying spin Hall effect in epitaxial Pt. We observed a 54% enhancement of the charge-to-spin conversion efficiency of the epitaxial Pt when currents are applied along the in-plane direction. The magnitude of the spin Hall effect has been determined by spin–torque ferromagnetic resonance measurements on epitaxial Pt/Py heterostructures. We report on the spin Hall effect in epitaxial Pt films with well-defined crystalline (200), (220), and (111) orientations and smooth surfaces. 2Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States.1Center for Memory and Recording Research, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States. Yuxuan Xiao 1, Hailong Wang 1 and Eric E.
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